常用不定代词有

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常用不定代词有本文简介:常用不定代词有:some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone),no(nothing,nobody,noone),every(everything,everybody,everyone,),all,each,both,muc

常用不定代词有本文内容:

常用不定代词有:

some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone),

no(nothing,nobody,no

one),

every(everything,everybody,everyone,),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,

neither等。

一般来讲,修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。

一、不定代词的用法

不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

1.作主语

Both

of

them

are

teachers.他们两人都是教师。

2.作宾语

I

know

nothing

about

this

person.我对这个人一无所知。

3.作表语

This

book

is

too

difficult

for

a

child.这本书对一个小孩来说太难了。

4.作定语

There

is

a

little

water

in

the

glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。

修饰不定代词的词,一般情况下要后置

二、常用不定代词用法举例

一般不定代词用法例子

1.some

一些,某些,某个

不定代词some可以代替名词和形容词,常用在肯定句中作主语、宾语、定语等。作定语时,它可以修饰可数名词(单、复数皆可)和不可数名词。例如:

some

are

doctors,some

are

nurses.有些人是医生,有些人是护士。(作主语)

2.any一些,任何

不定代词any可以代替名词和形容词,常用在否定句或疑问句中作主语、宾语、定语等。作定语时,它可以修饰可数名词(多为复数)和不可数名词。例如:

there

isn’t

any

ink

in

my

pen.我的钢笔没有墨水。(作定语)

不定代词any有时也可以用在肯定句中,表示“任何的“。例如:

you

may

come

at

any

time;i’ll

be

home

the

whole

day.你任何时候来都行,我整天都将呆在家里

不定代词any也可以用作副词,做状语,表示程度。例如:

is

he

any

better

today?他今天好一点了吗?

3.all

全体,所有(指三者以上)

不定代词all在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或同位语。它可以代表或修饰可数名词和不可数名词。代表或修饰可数名词时,指两个以上的人或物。作先行词时,引导词用that。例如:

all

were

present

at

the

meeting.全都到会了。(作主语,代表可数名词)

4.both

全部,都

不定代词both指两个人或事物。和all一样,可以用作主语、宾语、定语或同位语。例如:

we

invited

both

to

come

to

our

farm.我们邀请两个人都来我们的农场?(作宾语)

5.none

无人或无

不定代词none的含义和all物相反,和no

one,not

any同义,但其用法相当于名词,在句子中一般作主语或宾语。它代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数皆可。例如:

none

of

the

problems

is

/are

easy

to

solve.这些问题没有一个是容易解决的。(作主语,

代替可数名词)

6.either

两者之中的任何一个,这个或那个。

不定代词

either

可以作主语、宾语和定语。例如:

either

of

them

will

agree

to

this

arrangent.他们两人中会有人同意这样的安排的。(作主语)

7.neither

两个之中一个也不是

不定代词

neither

either

的否定形式,可以作主语、宾语和定语。例如:

neither

is

interesting.两个都没有趣。(作主语)

8.each

每个,各自的

不定代词each指每一个人或事物的个别情况,甚至指这些个别情况各不相同。它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。例如:

she

gave

the

children

two

apples

each.她给了每个小孩两个苹果。(作the

children的同位语。)

9.every

每个,每一的,一切的

不定代词every有“全体“的意思,和all的意义相近,但只能作定语。

复合不定代词使用例子

1.

some,any,every,no都能和one,body,thing一起构成代词,这些代词叫复合不定代词。它们基本含义为:

指人

somebody

someone

某人

anybody

anyone

任何人

everybody

everyone每人

nobody

no

one

没人

指物

Something某物某事

anything任何事物

everything一切

nothing没东西

2.

一般情况下,some构成的复合不定代词,其作用和some相同,用于肯定句;any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句;no构成的复合不定代词表示否定含义,用于否定句。如:

I

have

something

to

tell

you.

我有事要告诉你。

He

didn’t

say

anything

at

the

meeting

yesterday.

昨天在会上他没发言。

Everybody

likes

swimming.

每个人都喜欢游泳。

There

is

nothing

wrong

with

your

ears.

你耳朵没毛病。

3.

something可用于提建议或请求的问句中,以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答的问句中。如:

Would

you

like

something

to

eat?

你要吃点东西吗?

4.

复合不定代词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如:

Nobody

knows

his

name.

没有人知道他的名字。

5.

不定代词的定语要后置。如:

Is

there

anything

important

in

today’s

newspaper?

今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗?

一般的,不定代词(包括复合不定代词)在句子中,通常用单三形式

1.不定式是英语动词的一种形式。它在许多情况下可省略“to“,它不同于汉语动词,汉语动词只有一种形式。如:我看书。她看书。但英语要说“看”必须根据主语的人称,动作发生的时间等确定其形式。如:1)I

read

a

book.

2)She

reads

a

book.1)句中的“read”

是一般现在时第一人称的动词定式。2)句中的“reads”是一般现在时第三人称单数的动词定式。

I

want

to

read

a

book./She

wants

to

read

a

book.

我想要看书。她想要看书。其中的“看”不易确定其形式。因为动作还未发生,因此称不定式。通俗的说,就是“不一定是什么形式”

2.不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词,英语中不定代词有:some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone),

no(nothing,nobody,no

one),

every(everything,everybody,everyone),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,

neither等。

反义疑问句1)

陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用

aren

t

I.

I

m

as

tall

as

your

sister,aren

t

I?

2)

陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may

+主语。

I

wish

to

have

a

word

with

you,may

I?

3)

陈述部分用

no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。

The

Swede

made

no

answer,did

he

/

she?

Some

plants

never

blown

(开花),do

they

?

4)

含有ought

to

的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn

t

/

oughtn

t

+主语。

He

ought

to

know

what

to

do,oughtn

t

he?

/

shouldn

t

he?

5陈述部分有have

to

+v.

(had

to

+

v.),)疑问部分常用don

t

+主语(didn

t

+主语)。

We

have

to

get

there

at

eight

tomorrow,don

t

we?

6)

陈述部分的谓语是used

to

时,疑问部分用didn

t

+主语或

usedn

t

+主语。

He

used

to

take

pictures

there,didn

t

he?

/

usedn

t

he?

7)

陈述部分有had

better

+

v.

疑问句部分用hadn

t

you?

You

d

better

read

it

by

yourself,hadn

t

you?

8)

陈述部分有would

rather

+v.,疑问部分多用

wouldn

t

+主语。

He

would

rather

read

it

ten

times

than

recite

it,wouldn

t

he?

9)

陈述部分有You

d

like

to

+v.

疑问部分用wouldn

t

+主语。

You

d

like

to

go

with

me,wouldn

t

you?

10)

陈述部分有must

的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

He

must

be

a

doctor,isn

t

he?

You

must

have

studied

English

for

three

years,haven

t

you?

/

didn

t

you?

He

must

have

finished

it

yesterday,didn

t

he?

11)

感叹句中,疑问部分用be

+主语。

What

colours,aren

t

they?

What

a

smell,isn

t

it?

12)

陈述部分由neither…

nor,either…

or

连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither

you

nor

I

am

engineer,are

we?

13)

陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this,疑问部分主语用it。

Everything

is

ready,isn

t

it?

14)

陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:

a.

并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

Mr.

Smith

had

been

to

Beijing

for

several

times,he

should

have

been

in

China

now,shouldn

t

he?

b.

带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:

He

is

not

the

man

who

gave

us

a

talk,is

he?

He

said

he

wanted

to

visit

Japan,didn

t

he?

c.

上述部分主句谓语是think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I

don

t

think

he

is

bright,is

he?

We

believe

she

can

do

it

better,can

t

she?

15)

陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no

one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。

This

is

our

new

headmaster,isn’t

it?

Those

are

Japanese,aren’t

they?

One

should

be

ready

to

help

others,shouldn’t

one?

One

can’t

be

too

careful,can

you?

Each

of

the

students

has

a

dictionary,hasn’t

he?

Each

of

the

students

passed

the

examination,didn’t

they?

None

of

his

money

is

left,is

it?

None

of

his

friends

are

interested,are

they?

None

of

his

friends

has

come,has

he?

Something

will

have

to

be

done

about

the

price,won’t

it?

Everybody

is

kind

to

you,aren’t

they?

No

one

left

here

yesterday,did

they?

Someone

turned

that

radio

down,don’t

they?

Neither

side

could

win,could

they?

Everything

that

he

says

is

false,isn’t

it?

I

am

older

than

you,aren’t

I

/

ain’t

I?

I

am

working

now,ain’t

I

/

am

I

not?

I

wish

to

see

the

movie

now,may

I?

I

wish

I

were

you,may

I?

16)

带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用

need

(dare

)

+主语。

We

need

not

do

it

again,need

we

?

He

dare

not

say

so,dare

you?

当dare,need

为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do

+

主语。

She

doesn

t

dare

to

go

home

alone,does

she?

17)

省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will

you。

Don

t

do

that

again,will

you?

Go

with

me,will

you

/

won

t

you

?

注意:

Let

s

开头的祈使句,后用shall

we?

Let

us

开头的祈使句,后用will

you?

Let

s

go

and

listen

to

the

music,shall

we?

Let

us

wait

for

you

in

the

reading-room,will

you

?

18)

陈述部分是“there

be“结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

There

is

something

wrong

with

your

watch,isn

t

there?

There

will

not

be

any

trouble,will

there?

19)

否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It

is

impossible,isn

t

it?

He

is

not

unkind

to

his

classmates,is

he?

20)

must在表“推测“时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。

He

must

be

there

now,isn

t

he?

It

must

be

going

to

rain

tomorrow,won

t

it?

快速记忆表

陈述部分的谓语

疑问部分

I

aren

t

I

Wish

may

+主语

No,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,肯定含义

rarely,little等否定含义的词

ought

to(肯定的)

shouldn

t/

oughtn

t

+主语

have

to+v.(had

to+v.)

don

t

+主语(didn

t

+主语)

used

to

didn

t

+主语或

usedn

t

+主语

had

better

+

v.

hadn

t

you

would

rather

+

v.

wouldn

t

+主语

you

d

like

to

+

v.

wouldn

t

+主语

must

根据实际情况而定

感叹句中

be

+主语

Neither…nor,either…or

连接的根

据其实际逻辑意义而定

并列主语

指示代词或不定代词

everything,that,主语用it

nothing,this

并列复合句

谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定

定语从句,宾语从句的

主从复合句

根据主句的谓语而定

think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导

与宾语从句相对应的从句

everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no

one

复数they,单数he

情态动词dare或need

need

(dare

)

+主语

dare,need

为实义动词

do

+主语

省去主语的祈使句

will

you?

Let

s

开头的祈使句

Shall

we?

Let

us

开头的祈使句

Will

you?

there

be

相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)

否定前缀不能视为否定词

仍用否定形式

must表“推测“根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句

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