常用不定代词有本文简介:常用不定代词有:some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone),no(nothing,nobody,noone),every(everything,everybody,everyone,),all,each,both,muc
常用不定代词有本文内容:
常用不定代词有:
some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone),
no(nothing,nobody,no
one),
every(everything,everybody,everyone,),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,
neither等。
一般来讲,修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。
一、不定代词的用法
不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
1.作主语
Both
of
them
are
teachers.他们两人都是教师。
2.作宾语
I
know
nothing
about
this
person.我对这个人一无所知。
3.作表语
This
book
is
too
difficult
for
a
child.这本书对一个小孩来说太难了。
4.作定语
There
is
a
little
water
in
the
glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。
修饰不定代词的词,一般情况下要后置
二、常用不定代词用法举例
一般不定代词用法例子
1.some
一些,某些,某个
不定代词some可以代替名词和形容词,常用在肯定句中作主语、宾语、定语等。作定语时,它可以修饰可数名词(单、复数皆可)和不可数名词。例如:
some
are
doctors,some
are
nurses.有些人是医生,有些人是护士。(作主语)
2.any一些,任何
不定代词any可以代替名词和形容词,常用在否定句或疑问句中作主语、宾语、定语等。作定语时,它可以修饰可数名词(多为复数)和不可数名词。例如:
there
isn’t
any
ink
in
my
pen.我的钢笔没有墨水。(作定语)
不定代词any有时也可以用在肯定句中,表示“任何的“。例如:
you
may
come
at
any
time;i’ll
be
home
the
whole
day.你任何时候来都行,我整天都将呆在家里
。
不定代词any也可以用作副词,做状语,表示程度。例如:
is
he
any
better
today?他今天好一点了吗?
3.all
全体,所有(指三者以上)
不定代词all在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或同位语。它可以代表或修饰可数名词和不可数名词。代表或修饰可数名词时,指两个以上的人或物。作先行词时,引导词用that。例如:
all
were
present
at
the
meeting.全都到会了。(作主语,代表可数名词)
4.both
全部,都
不定代词both指两个人或事物。和all一样,可以用作主语、宾语、定语或同位语。例如:
we
invited
both
to
come
to
our
farm.我们邀请两个人都来我们的农场?(作宾语)
5.none
无人或无
不定代词none的含义和all物相反,和no
one,not
any同义,但其用法相当于名词,在句子中一般作主语或宾语。它代替不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数皆可。例如:
none
of
the
problems
is
/are
easy
to
solve.这些问题没有一个是容易解决的。(作主语,
代替可数名词)
6.either
两者之中的任何一个,这个或那个。
不定代词
either
可以作主语、宾语和定语。例如:
either
of
them
will
agree
to
this
arrangent.他们两人中会有人同意这样的安排的。(作主语)
7.neither
两个之中一个也不是
不定代词
neither
是
either
的否定形式,可以作主语、宾语和定语。例如:
neither
is
interesting.两个都没有趣。(作主语)
8.each
每个,各自的
不定代词each指每一个人或事物的个别情况,甚至指这些个别情况各不相同。它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。例如:
she
gave
the
children
two
apples
each.她给了每个小孩两个苹果。(作the
children的同位语。)
9.every
每个,每一的,一切的
不定代词every有“全体“的意思,和all的意义相近,但只能作定语。
复合不定代词使用例子
1.
some,any,every,no都能和one,body,thing一起构成代词,这些代词叫复合不定代词。它们基本含义为:
指人
somebody
someone
某人
anybody
anyone
任何人
everybody
everyone每人
nobody
no
one
没人
指物
Something某物某事
anything任何事物
everything一切
nothing没东西
2.
一般情况下,some构成的复合不定代词,其作用和some相同,用于肯定句;any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句;no构成的复合不定代词表示否定含义,用于否定句。如:
①
I
have
something
to
tell
you.
我有事要告诉你。
②
He
didn’t
say
anything
at
the
meeting
yesterday.
昨天在会上他没发言。
③
Everybody
likes
swimming.
每个人都喜欢游泳。
④
There
is
nothing
wrong
with
your
ears.
你耳朵没毛病。
3.
something可用于提建议或请求的问句中,以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答的问句中。如:
Would
you
like
something
to
eat?
你要吃点东西吗?
4.
复合不定代词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如:
Nobody
knows
his
name.
没有人知道他的名字。
5.
不定代词的定语要后置。如:
Is
there
anything
important
in
today’s
newspaper?
今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗?
一般的,不定代词(包括复合不定代词)在句子中,通常用单三形式
1.不定式是英语动词的一种形式。它在许多情况下可省略“to“,它不同于汉语动词,汉语动词只有一种形式。如:我看书。她看书。但英语要说“看”必须根据主语的人称,动作发生的时间等确定其形式。如:1)I
read
a
book.
2)She
reads
a
book.1)句中的“read”
是一般现在时第一人称的动词定式。2)句中的“reads”是一般现在时第三人称单数的动词定式。
I
want
to
read
a
book./She
wants
to
read
a
book.
我想要看书。她想要看书。其中的“看”不易确定其形式。因为动作还未发生,因此称不定式。通俗的说,就是“不一定是什么形式”
2.不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词,英语中不定代词有:some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone),
no(nothing,nobody,no
one),
every(everything,everybody,everyone),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,
neither等。
反义疑问句1)
陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用
aren
t
I.
I
m
as
tall
as
your
sister,aren
t
I?
2)
陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may
+主语。
I
wish
to
have
a
word
with
you,may
I?
3)
陈述部分用
no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。
The
Swede
made
no
answer,did
he
/
she?
Some
plants
never
blown
(开花),do
they
?
4)
含有ought
to
的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn
t
/
oughtn
t
+主语。
He
ought
to
know
what
to
do,oughtn
t
he?
/
shouldn
t
he?
5陈述部分有have
to
+v.
(had
to
+
v.),)疑问部分常用don
t
+主语(didn
t
+主语)。
We
have
to
get
there
at
eight
tomorrow,don
t
we?
6)
陈述部分的谓语是used
to
时,疑问部分用didn
t
+主语或
usedn
t
+主语。
He
used
to
take
pictures
there,didn
t
he?
/
usedn
t
he?
7)
陈述部分有had
better
+
v.
疑问句部分用hadn
t
you?
You
d
better
read
it
by
yourself,hadn
t
you?
8)
陈述部分有would
rather
+v.,疑问部分多用
wouldn
t
+主语。
He
would
rather
read
it
ten
times
than
recite
it,wouldn
t
he?
9)
陈述部分有You
d
like
to
+v.
疑问部分用wouldn
t
+主语。
You
d
like
to
go
with
me,wouldn
t
you?
10)
陈述部分有must
的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He
must
be
a
doctor,isn
t
he?
You
must
have
studied
English
for
three
years,haven
t
you?
/
didn
t
you?
He
must
have
finished
it
yesterday,didn
t
he?
11)
感叹句中,疑问部分用be
+主语。
What
colours,aren
t
they?
What
a
smell,isn
t
it?
12)
陈述部分由neither…
nor,either…
or
连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither
you
nor
I
am
engineer,are
we?
13)
陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this,疑问部分主语用it。
Everything
is
ready,isn
t
it?
14)
陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:
a.
并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr.
Smith
had
been
to
Beijing
for
several
times,he
should
have
been
in
China
now,shouldn
t
he?
b.
带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:
He
is
not
the
man
who
gave
us
a
talk,is
he?
He
said
he
wanted
to
visit
Japan,didn
t
he?
c.
上述部分主句谓语是think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I
don
t
think
he
is
bright,is
he?
We
believe
she
can
do
it
better,can
t
she?
15)
陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no
one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。
This
is
our
new
headmaster,isn’t
it?
Those
are
Japanese,aren’t
they?
One
should
be
ready
to
help
others,shouldn’t
one?
One
can’t
be
too
careful,can
you?
Each
of
the
students
has
a
dictionary,hasn’t
he?
Each
of
the
students
passed
the
examination,didn’t
they?
None
of
his
money
is
left,is
it?
None
of
his
friends
are
interested,are
they?
None
of
his
friends
has
come,has
he?
Something
will
have
to
be
done
about
the
price,won’t
it?
Everybody
is
kind
to
you,aren’t
they?
No
one
left
here
yesterday,did
they?
Someone
turned
that
radio
down,don’t
they?
Neither
side
could
win,could
they?
Everything
that
he
says
is
false,isn’t
it?
I
am
older
than
you,aren’t
I
/
ain’t
I?
I
am
working
now,ain’t
I
/
am
I
not?
I
wish
to
see
the
movie
now,may
I?
I
wish
I
were
you,may
I?
16)
带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用
need
(dare
)
+主语。
We
need
not
do
it
again,need
we
?
He
dare
not
say
so,dare
you?
当dare,need
为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do
+
主语。
She
doesn
t
dare
to
go
home
alone,does
she?
17)
省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will
you。
Don
t
do
that
again,will
you?
Go
with
me,will
you
/
won
t
you
?
注意:
Let
s
开头的祈使句,后用shall
we?
Let
us
开头的祈使句,后用will
you?
Let
s
go
and
listen
to
the
music,shall
we?
Let
us
wait
for
you
in
the
reading-room,will
you
?
18)
陈述部分是“there
be“结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There
is
something
wrong
with
your
watch,isn
t
there?
There
will
not
be
any
trouble,will
there?
19)
否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It
is
impossible,isn
t
it?
He
is
not
unkind
to
his
classmates,is
he?
20)
must在表“推测“时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
He
must
be
there
now,isn
t
he?
It
must
be
going
to
rain
tomorrow,won
t
it?
快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语
疑问部分
I
aren
t
I
Wish
may
+主语
No,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,肯定含义
rarely,little等否定含义的词
ought
to(肯定的)
shouldn
t/
oughtn
t
+主语
have
to+v.(had
to+v.)
don
t
+主语(didn
t
+主语)
used
to
didn
t
+主语或
usedn
t
+主语
had
better
+
v.
hadn
t
you
would
rather
+
v.
wouldn
t
+主语
you
d
like
to
+
v.
wouldn
t
+主语
must
根据实际情况而定
感叹句中
be
+主语
Neither…nor,either…or
连接的根
据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that,主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句
谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句
根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导
与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no
one
复数they,单数he
情态动词dare或need
need
(dare
)
+主语
dare,need
为实义动词
do
+主语
省去主语的祈使句
will
you?
Let
s
开头的祈使句
Shall
we?
Let
us
开头的祈使句
Will
you?
there
be
相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)
否定前缀不能视为否定词
仍用否定形式
must表“推测“根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
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